Residue Monitoring Plan for Mangoes for Export to Japan.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Agricultural & Processed Food Products Export Development Authority
(Ministry of Commerce, Govt. of India),
3^rd Floor, NCUI Building
3, Siri Institutional Area, August Kranti Marg, New Delhi - 110 016

February 2008

 

 

Contents

 

Section	Topic	Page No.
1.	Introduction	4
1.1.	Background	4
1.2.	Scope /Purpose	4
1.3.	Objectives:	4
1.4.	Definitions & Terms	5
1.5.	References	5
2.	Designated States/Effective Period	6
3.	Management	6
4.	Requirements/Resources	7
4.1	Registration of orchard growers	7
4.2	Registration of packinghouses	7
4.3	Recognition of accredited residue testing laboratories	7
4.4	Designation of national referral laboratory	7
4.5	Organisation of awareness programme	8
4.6	Funding	8
5.	Responsibilities of stakeholders	8
5.1.	Registered orchard growers	8
5.2.	Registered packinghouses	9
5.3.	Exporters	9
5.4.	Recognized accredited testing laboratories	9
5.5.	Designated national referral laboratory	10
5.6.	State/Central Government Organisations	10
6.	Implementation	11
6.1.	Pesticides covered/MRLs prescribed by Japan
6.2.	Recommended pest management practices/Pre-harvest intervals
6.3	Pre-harvest inspection of orchards
6.4.	Sampling of fruits for residue analysis
6.5.	Sample forwardal to residue testing laboratory	12
6.6	Sample receipt/storage by residue testing laboratory	13
6.7.	Testing methodology	13
6.8.	Issue of residue analysis certificate	26
6.9	Verification by officer of Dte of PPQS	27
6.10.	Reporting of testing activities by accredited laboratories	27
6.11.	Action to be taken by the accredited laboratories in case of failed samples	27
6.12	Action by designated national referral laboratory	27
6.13.	Action by APEDA	28
7.	Auditing & Review	28
8.	Tables
	Table-1:           List of accredited laboratories recognised by APEDA for testing pesticide residues in fresh fruits of mango for export to Japan.	29
	Table-2:           Pesticides covered under this residue monitoring plan/Maximum residue limits (MRLs) prescribed under Food Sanitation Law of Japan.	31
	Table-3:           Recommended pest management practices and pre-harvest intervals for mango.	33
	Table-4:           Multi-residual method for pesticides by GC-MS                         (Agricultural Products) by Japan	36
	Table-5:            Multi-residual method for pesticides by LC-MS or LC-MS/MS (Agricultural Products) by Japan	39
9.	Appendices
	Annexure-I:     Application for registration of mango orchard with packinghouse facility	40
	Annexure-II:    Register of mango orchards with packinghouse facility	41
	Annexure -III:  Registration Document of orchard grower	42
	Annexure IV:    Record of application of pesticides and other agricultural chemicals in the mango orchard	43
	Annexure -V:    Pre-harvest inspection report of registered orchard    of mango	44
	Annexure-VI:    Sampling slip	46
	Annexure-VII:   Declaration by registered orchard grower	47
	Annexure-VIII:  Residue analysis certificate	48
	Annexure-IX      Reporting sampling/residue analysis activities by accredited testing laboratories.	51
	Annexure-X:      Internal alert notice	52

 

 

       

 

 

 

 

 

1.      Introduction:

 

1.1.   Background:

Of late intensive cultivation of mangoes encouraged by the Government to meet the growing market demand for domestic consumption as well as export. A set of package of practices involving improved agrnomic practices such as use of better quality planting material, high density planting, fertilization and irrigation management and pest management through the application of pesticides is advocated to intensify mango production. Therefore there is a possibility of residue of pesticide and other agriculture chemicals accumulation on the fruit surface, whenever the pesticides and other agriculture chemicals are applied to control pests and diseases in mango orchards. Since mangoes are consumed as fresh fruits, residues of pesticides present in them may pose health hazards. In order to ensure quality export of mangoes to Japan, it is essential that the level of residues of pesticide and other agriculture chemicals should be kept with in the maximum residue limits (MRLs) prescribed under the Article 7 of Food Sanitation Law of Japan.

1.2.   Scope/Purpose:

This plan covers the monitoring of pesticide residues and other agriculture chemicals in fresh fruits of mango for export to Japan. It covers the orchard growers, packinghouses, exporters, accredited test laboratories and the national reference laboratory, and the state/central government organizations involved in with the export certification of mangoes to Japan.

The purpose of this plan is to promote intensive, effective and efficient monitoring of residue of pesticide and other agriculture chemicals in fresh fruits of mango for export to Japan and provide guidance to mitigate the problem for ensuring food safety and further compliance with Food Sanitation Law of Japan.

1.3.   Objectives:

 

The objectives of this plan are:

• to closely monitor the residue levels of pesticide and other agriculture chemicals in fresh fruits of mango to ensure that they are within maximum residue limits (MRLs) set-up by the Food Sanitation Law of Japan.

• to regulate the safe use of pesticides for control of pests in mango orchards and to ensure the recommended pre-harvest intervals, are strictly adhered to mitigate the pesticide residue problem associated with mango fruits.

• to identify the sources of pesticide residue in mangoes and to take appropriate measures to minimize the source of contamination.

• to establish an effective system to control the unjudicious use and application of pesticide in mangoes and to promote eco-friendly integrated pest management practices.

1.4.    Definitions & terms:

 

Accredited Laboratory	The laboratory accredited by National Accreditation Board for Laboratories for residue analysis..
APEDA:	Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority established under Ministry of Commerce & Industry.
Codex:	Codex Alimentarius Commission established under FAO/WHO.
Dte of PPQS	Directorate of Plant Protection, Quarantine & Storage established under Ministry of Agriculture (Department of Agriculture & Cooperation)
GC-MS	Gas Chromatograph-Mass Spectrometer
GAP	Good Agricultural Practice
LC-MS	Liquid  Chromatograph-Mass Spectrometer
LC-MS/MS	Liquid Chromatograph-Tandem Mass Spectrometer
Limit of Quantitation (LOQ) (in mg/kg)	Minimum amount or concentration of a substance to be analyzed from a sample with which the amount or concentration of the target substance can be determined. For chromatography, the substances to be analyzed which show the ratio of S (peak height) / N (baseline noise) = 10 are represented as the concentrations of compositional substances of agricultural chemicals.
MRL	Maximum Residue Limits (mg/kg)
NRL	National Reference Laboratory recognized by APEDA under this residue monitoring plan
PHI	Pre-Harvest Interval. It refers to time interval between application of pesticide and the harvesting of produce
WTO-SPS Agreement	Agreement on Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures established under WTO

 

1.5.     References:

Guidelines for Export of Indian Mangoes to Japan, 2007, Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority, New Delhi.

 

Analytical Methods for Residual Compositional Substances of Agricultural Chemicals, Feed Additives, and Veterinary Drugs in Food (Syoku-AN No. January 24, 2005 as amended by May 26, 2006), Department of Food Safety, Ministry of Health, Labour & Welfare, Japan

 

Recommended Methods of Sampling for the Determination of Pesticide Residues for Compliance with MRLs, CAC, GL 33 (1999), FAO, Rome.

 

1. 2.

This plan will be effectively implemented in designated states of Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal from which export to Japan is allowed. This plan will be commenced from the date of approval for a period of two years. It will be reviewed at the end of second year for further continuance of the exports to Japan.

1. 3.  Management:

 

The Agricultural and Processed Products Export Development Authority (APEDA) will implement the pesticide residue monitoring plan in association with Ministry of Agriculture (Department of Agriculture & Cooperation) through the District Agriculture/Horticultural Officers of the concerned states of Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal and the concerned officers of Directorate of Plant Protection, Quarantine & Storage (Dte of PPQS) involved with the export of fresh fruits of mango to Japan. The registered orchard growers & packinghouses, accredited laboratories and the national referral laboratory are the key players for successful implementation of this plan. The details of management structure presented in Fig.1, below:

Fig.1. Management of Residue Monitoring Plan in mango.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

    

1. 4.

 

4.1.   Registration of orchard growers:

Each orchard grower intend to export of fresh fruits of mango to Japan will apply to the concerned registered packinghouse in prescribed format (Annexure-I) for registration of mango orchard sufficiently before starting of the fruiting season. The registered orchard grower will document and maintain record of all field application of pesticides and other agrochemicals in mango orchards as per the format given at Annexure-IV. The registered orchard grower will adopt recommended pest management practices and pre-harvest intervals as listed in Table-2. The registered orchard grower will ensure that no application of any pesticide or other agricultural chemical in the orchard takes place once the accredited laboratory draws the sample for residue analysis.

4.2.  Registration of packinghouses:

The packinghouses involved with the export of mangoes to Japan shall be registered with the APEDA. The registered packinghouse will maintain a register of orchard growers in the prescribed format given in Annexure-II. Each registered orchard/grower will be assigned a unique registration number (State (2 digits)/District (2 digits)/Taluk or Mandal (2 digits)/Orchard (3 digits)). Each orchard grower will be permitted to register with any one packinghouse facility during a particular fruiting season.  The packinghouse will issue a document evidencing registration in the format prescribed in Annexure-III after verifying the particulars in the application and the inspection of orchard. The registered packinghouse will develop and document Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) detailing the procedures of post-harvest processing including vapour heat treatment of mango fruits and maintain all records related to post-harvest processing and treatment. The registered packinghouse will adopt hygienic practices while handling fruits during all the stages of processing of fruits to prevent contamination. The registered packinghouse will not give any post-harvest fungicidal treatment of mangoes for export to Japan. If any post-harvest fungicidal treatment of fruits carried out by the facility, on the request of exporter, then he should ensure that the fruit samples will be drawn for each lot as per the procedures prescribed at Section 6.4.2., and got them tested by the accredited testing laboratory for the residues of specific fungicide used in post-harvest treatment at the cost of exporter prior to undertaking vapour heat treatment of fruits for export to Japan.

4.3.   Recognition of accredited residue testing laboratories:

A list of accredited laboratories that are recognized by the APEDA for undertaking pesticide residue analysis in mango fruits for export to Japan is given in Table-1.

4.4.   Designation of national referral laboratory:

 

The National Research Centre for Grapes, Pune is designated as national referral laboratory for referral testing and closely monitoring the activities of accredited testing laboratories for pesticide residue analysis in mango fruits for export to Japan.

4.5.   Organisation of awareness programmes:

APEDA in collaboration with Ministry of Agriculture and involving concerned State District Agriculture/Horticulture officers and the officers of Dte of PPQS will organise an awareness programme at the beginning of each cropping season, regarding the need for adaptation of recommended pest management practices in mango orchards and pre-harvest intervals, which will be attended by all registered growers/packinghouses/exporters and other concerned stakeholders in the designated states from which the exports are programmed for Japan. Also promote eco-friendly integrated pest management practices to minimize the pesticide residue problems through judicious use of pesticides.

4.6.   Funding:

APEDA will fund the organization of awareness campaign in designated states and also will bear fifty percent of the testing fees charged by the laboratories for residue analysis under this plan. APEDA will support organizing the meeting of stakeholders to review the plan at the end of each year and monitoring activities. APEDA will also fund the organization of review meeting of all concerned stakeholders to discuss the issues related to mango export to Japan and implement appropriate measures to mitigate the problems to facilitate smooth exports to Japan.

1. 5.   Responsibilities of various stakeholders:

 

5.1.   Registered orchard growers:

The registered orchard growers will be responsible for:

• to follow the recommended pest management practices and pre-harvest intervals in the mango orchards for control of pests;
• to maintain the record of all field application of pesticides and any other agrochemicals in the mango orchards and monitor the incidence of fruit fly pests through pheramone (methyl euginol/cue lures) traps;
• to permit the state agriculture/horticulture officers for undertaking pre-harvest inspection of orchards to assess the incidence of pests and diseases and advise appropriate control measures;
• to permit the representative of accredited test laboratory for drawing representative sample of fruits for residue analysis;
• to not to undertake any spraying of pesticides in the orchard once the samples are drawn for residue analysis;
• to not to use any misbranded or un-registered or banned or un-recommended pesticides in the orchards; and
• to adopt eco-friendly integrated pest management practices in the mango orchard to minimize pesticide residues.

5.2.   Registered packinghouses:

The registered packinghouses will be responsible for:

• to  establish facility SOPs for post-harvest processing including vapour-heat treatment of mangoes for export to Japan;
• to associate with representative of concerned testing laboratory in drawing representative samples for residue testing;

• to verify that the recommended pest management practices and the pre-harvest intervals are adopted by the registered orchard;
• to not to undertake any post-harvest fungicidal treatment of mango fruits for export to Japan;
• to suspend the exports from that orchard in the event of failing of sample and to undertake further investigation into the cause of such failure;
• to use only recommended fungicides for post-harvest treatment of fruits at scheduled rates and ensure uniform deposit of fungicide, while treating the fruits; and
• to not to treat or expose the packing material to pesticides, while disinfesting the packing places for control of pests and also not to use any packing material impregnated with pesticides.

5.3.   Exporters:

 

The exporters will be responsible for:

• to source the fruits for export only from the registered orchards/packinghouse facilities;
• to maintain all records related to export shipment-wise to facilitate tracing back of  exports to specific packinghouse and orchard; and,
• to not to export of fresh fruits from orchards/packinghouse facility not confirming with MRLs prescribed under Food Sanitation Law of Japan

5.4.   Accredited residue testing laboratories:

The test laboratories recognized by APEDA for the purpose of residue analysis will be responsible for:

• to draw the representative samples of fruits for residue analysis in accordance with prescribed sampling procedures and ensure proper storage of samples, while testing and keeping for future reference and maintaining its integrity;
• to undertake testing of samples for residue determination in accordance with testing protocols specified in this residue monitoring plan.
• to issue certificates of residue analysis at the end of testing as per the format prescribed under this residue monitoring  plan;
• to report the results of testing of all samples  through web-based internet enabled software developed by APEDA and or/by printed format at specified intervals;
• to take immediate action to notify the National Referral Laboratory (National Research Centre for Grapes, Pune)  regarding failure of sample;
• to adopt good laboratory practices through out testing and to maintain appropriate records for tracing back of samples to specific orchard.

5.5.    Designated national referral laboratory:

 

The National Referral Laboratory designated by APEDA under this plan will be responsible for:

• to undertake drawl and testing a minimum 5 % samples directly from registered packinghouse facility pertaining to the batches tested by the accredited residue testing laboratories as a measure of conformity. 

• to advise regarding re-testing of failed samples by the accredited testing laboratory;
• to conduct training/proficiency tests of the analysts from accredited testing laboratories to ensure consistency in reproducibility of results;
• to evaluate and standardize the testing protocols for adoption by the accredited testing laboratories; and
• to closely monitor and audit the activities of accredited testing laboratories recognized by APEDA.
• To conduct Proficiency Testing programme
• Issuing Internal Alerts

5.6.   State/Central Government Organisations:

• State District Agriculture/Horticulture officers will be responsible for:

-          to undertake pre-harvest inspection of the registered orchards to assess the pest/disease status of orchards and report any incidence of pests especially fruit flies and advise recommended practices to control the pests;

-          to report any incidence of occurrence of pest outbreaks or occurrence of new pests in the mango orchards to the Dte of PPQS; and

-          to promote eco-friendly integrated pest management practices and to enforce the regulations of Insecticide Act with in the state.

• Officers of Dte of PPQS will be responsible for:

-          to issue phytosanitary certificates after necessary verification of certificates of residue analysis issued by accredited laboratory;

-          to record the particulars of residue analysis certificate in the export inspection register in order to establish the trace back of exported commodity;

-          to refuse/reject the consignment for issue of phytosanitary certificate in the event of receipt of internal alert from the national referral laboratory/communication received in respect of failed samples or detection of residues of banned pesticides under Insecticides Act or in the event of suspension of the exports from specified orchard or packinghouse or region in the event of receipt of communication of nonconformities from Japan.

1. 6.

 

6.1.Pesticides covered/MRLs prescribed by Japan:

A list of pesticides and other agriculture chemicals that are covered under this residue monitoring plan is given in Table-2 along with the maximum residue limits (MRLs) as prescribed under the Food Sanitation Act of Japan.

6.2.Recommended pest management practices/Pre-harvest intervals:

A list of recommended pest management practices and the pre-harvest intervals included in this plan is presented in Table-3. Besides this the registered orchards/growers are encouraged to adopt eco-friendly integrated pest management practices to mitigate the pesticide residue problem in mangoes for export to Japan.

6.3.   Pre-harvest inspection of orchards:

 

A State Agriculture/Horticulture Officer of the concerned area of jurisdiction will under take pre-harvest inspection of registered orchards with packinghouse facility for export of mango fruits for Japan, at least once during the fruiting season with a view to record any incidence of pests and diseases in the orchard and advise appropriate plant protection measures for the control of pests and diseases. He will also verify the pest/disease management practices adopted by the orchard grower and ensure that they are in line with recommended practices (Table-3) covered under this residue monitoring plan and also make recommendation to consider whether the orchard is qualified for drawl of samples for testing by the concerned accredited residue testing laboratory. At the end of inspection he will record the results of pre-harvest inspection in a prescribed format (Annexure-V) and the copies of the report duly signed by the orchard grower and the State Agriculture/Horticulture Officer of concerned area of jurisdiction. The report will be made available to the orchard grower, concerned packinghouse facility and testing laboratory for appropriate action and record.   

6.4.   Sampling of fruits for residue analysis:

6.4.1. Sampling from registered orchards:

A trained sampler from concerned accredited testing laboratory will undertake sampling of fruits from each registered orchard in the presence of grower and an authorised person of concerned packinghouse. The orchard grower/ exporter in consultation with the accredited testing laboratory and the packinghouse facility will draw the schedule of sampling sufficiently in advance and intimate the concerned laboratory and the packinghouse. The sampling of fruits will be carried out, when the fruits attain near harvesting stage.  The details of sampling of fruits from orchards are as under:

• Sampling unit: The sampling unit will be 2.0 ha of orchard in case of high density planting (with a spacing of 4.5 X 4.5 m and 493 plants per ha); 4.0 ha in case of low density planting (6 X 6 m and 278 plants per ha) and 10 ha in case of widely spaced .planting (10X10 m and 100 plants/ha)

• Drawal of primary samples: Sampling of fruits will be carried out at least from one tree at each of ten random spots selected in north, south, east, west and central areas of the orchard. It should be ensured that the spots selected for sampling represent the entire orchard. At least 5 fruits are plucked from each tree at random representing different canopy levels namely top, middle and lower and different geographical directions of north, south, east, west and center of the tree and the fruits collected will be mixed to form a composite sample of 50 fruits.

• Submitted samples: Two samples each of 10 fruits are drawn at random from the above composite sample and submitted to accredited testing laboratory for residue analysis, one will be for immediate analysis and the other will be retained as reference sample by the concerned accredited testing laboratory for a period of 6 weeks at less than 12^oC and 95% relative humidity.

6.4.2. Sampling of fruits from registered packinghouse facility:

Besides the above, the NRL will draw 5% of the samples directly from the registered packinghouses pertaining to the lot of concerned orchard tested by the accredited testing laboratories just prior to vapour heat treatment as a measure of conformity.  The NRL will analyse these samples, report as per the format given in Annexure-VIII and integrate these report in the consolidated report to ensure that the pesticide residue levels are with in the maximum residue limits prescribed under Food Sanitation Law of Japan.

The sampling plan of fruits at the packing house facility:

No of crates in the lot	Minimum number  of crates to be sampled
Up to 100	3
101 to 500	6
501 to 1000	12
1001 and above	25

From each sampled crates, appropriate number of fruits are collected at random from each of sampled crates to form a composite sample of 50 fruits. From the composite sample, two samples of each 10 fruits will be drawn and submitted for residue testing by National Referral Laboratory.

6.5.  Sample forwardal to testing laboratory:

 

The fruits will be packed in a polythene bag, sealed and attached with a sampling slip (Annexure-VI) and the declaration form (Annexure-VII) obtained from the orchard grower. The polythene package is then packed in a ventilated CFB box. The packing box will be then sealed and stamped by the representative of testing laboratory and the representative of packinghouse facility. The address of the accredited testing laboratory will be clearly marked on the top of CFB box. The package boxes of samples will be affixed with appropriate seals and either couriered or hand delivered in person at the concerned accredited testing laboratory/national referral laboratory, as the case may be, within a maximum period of 48 hours of sampling.

6.6.  Sample receipt/Storage by testing laboratory:

 

On receipt of package boxes of sampled fruits at accredited laboratory, the seals will be verified by a person authorized to receive samples and the particulars of samples will then be entered in the internet enabled reporting format (Annexure-IX) placed in website of APEDA and or/ a sample register maintained at the facility.

The sampling slip and the declaration form will be retained for record by the receiving staff and a sample code number will be allotted and the same clearly marked on the polythene package of fruit samples. One sample will be immediately issued for laboratory testing and the other retained as reference sample in secured and sealed condition in cold room of accredited testing laboratory for a maximum period of 6 weeks.

6.7.  Testing methodology:

 

As per the Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) optimized by the National Referral Laboratory at NRC, Grapes, Pune.

 

 

6.8.    Issue of residue analysis certificate:

A certificate of residue analysis will be issued by the accredited laboratory in respect of each sample tested as per the format given in Annexure-VIII) within four days of the drawl of the sample from orchard. The certificate will be printed in triplicate (3 copies) and issued as under:

1. a)First copy – to be printed as, “Exporter’copy”.

1. b)Second copy – to be printed as, “Grower/orchard copy”.

1. c)Third copy – to be printed as, “Office copy” of test laboratory”.

Each certificate will bear a printed serial number and must bear the signature/stamp of the authorized signatory of the testing laboratory and appropriate seal of the accredited laboratory. The testing laboratory will issue the certificates to the exporters within a maximum period of 24 hrs of completion of testing or within 4 days of drawing of sample from the orchard subject to receipt of payments. Grower/ Orchard copy can be obtained either through exporter or directly from the laboratory’s local office.

6.9.   Verification by the officer of Dte of PPQS:

The concerned officers of Dte of PPQS will verify the particulars of residue analysis certificate with that of particulars of consignment offered for export inspection and phytosanitary certification and record the particulars of residue analysis certificate in the export inspection register to ensure proper trace back of export consignment. The phytosanitary certificate will only be issued to the consignment that has passed the residue analysis testing.

6.10.   Reporting of testing activities by accredited laboratories:

The accredited testing laboratory will enter the results of testing and issue of certificate in an internet enabled reporting format (Annexure-IX) placed in APEDA website immediately after completion of analysis. .

6.11.  Action by the accredited test laboratories in case of failed samples:

 

In case, the test results exceed the maximum residue limits (MRLs) of pesticides covered under this plan, in line with Article 7 of Food Sanitation Act of Japan, the nominated laboratory will immediately intimate the National Referral Laboratory (National Research Centre for Grapes, Pune), regarding the failure of the sample. The accredited test laboratory will also forward the test report and chromatograms of failed sample to the national referral laboratory by e-mail for taking-up appropriate action.

In case of marginally failed samples, the accredited testing laboratory, will seek appropriate guidance from the National Referral Laboratory viz., National Research Centre for Grapes, Pune for re-testing of samples.

On detection of any pesticides such as Aldrin, Dieldrin, Chlordane, DDT, Endrin, Hexachlorocyclohexane (BHC) and Parathion, which are banned under Insecticides Rules, 1971 and amendments issued there under, the accredited testing laboratory will intimate the National Referral Laboratory viz., National Research Centre, Pune, for immediate taking-up the issue with State Director of Agriculture/Horticulture, the Dte of PPQS, Faridabad for appropriate action for preventing the export of fruits of mango from that area followed by an in depth investigation into the cause/source of pesticide contamination and the supplier/distributor/dealer/manufacturer of pesticide and to take appropriate legal action as per the provisions of Insecticides Rules, 1971 and amendments issued there under.  

6.12. Action by National Referral Laboratory

Immediately after the receipt of information of failed sample, the national referral laboratory viz., National Research Centre for Grapes, Pune, will issue an internal alert notice (Annexure-X). Laboratories are responsible to test all the failing samples in duplicate before reporting results to the NRL. In case, Orchard Grower/ Exporter wishes to get re-sampling done after satisfactory period to bring down the residues, laboratories will do the re-sampling. The cost of re-testing will be borne by the concerned exporter. If the sample passes the test, the NRL will revoke the Internal alert notice on receipt of information from the laboratories.

Immediately upon the issue of internal alert notice by the national referral laboratory, the export of mango fruits to Japan will be temporarily suspended from the concerned orchard, as the case may be, and the exports will be resumed only after the internal alert notice is revoked.

 

 

 

6.13.  Action by APEDA:

  

On receipt of communication of nonconformities from Japan, APEDA will immediately issue a notice seeking the explanation from the concerned orchard/grower, packinghouse and the accredited testing laboratory into the cause of such non-conformity and order the immediate suspension of export of mango fruits from the concerned orchard/packinghouse, as the case may be and order investigation into the cause of non-conformity. The exports from the suspended orchard/packinghouse, as the case may be, will be reinstated after ensuring corrective actions to mitigate the pesticide residue problems are implemented and verified. APEDA will forward a copy of investigation report to Japan.

7.0.  Auditing & Review:

 

APEDA in association with NRL will organize auditing of records maintained by the accredited laboratories at least once in every fruiting season with or without prior notice to ensure credible testing. At the end of each audit, the NRL will forward a copy of audit report to APEDA and the concerned laboratory. The NRL will recommend to APEDA for investigation in the event of non-compliance with the guidelines/procedure for drawl of samples, testing of mangoes as prescribed under this plan and question the lab about the corrective and preventive action plan to comply with this residue monitoring document.

APEDA will organise a meeting with all concerned stakeholders at the beginning of each season to review the implementation of residue monitoring plan for further improvement.

 

Table-1: List of Accredited Laboratories recognised by APEDA for testing for pesticide residues in fresh fruits of mango for export to Japan.

S. No	Name of the Laboratory	Status
1.	Geo-Chem Lab Pvt. Ltd., 36, Raja Industrial Estate, 1st Floor, Purushottam Kheraj Marg, Mulund (West), Mumbai – 400 080. Phone: 022-67974999 Fax: 022-67974616 E-mail: این آدرس ایمیل توسط spambots حفاظت می شود. برای دیدن شما نیاز به جاوا اسکریپت دارید             این آدرس ایمیل توسط spambots حفاظت می شود. برای دیدن شما نیاز به جاوا اسکریپت دارید "> این آدرس ایمیل توسط spambots حفاظت می شود. برای دیدن شما نیاز به جاوا اسکریپت دارید این آدرس ایمیل توسط spambots حفاظت می شود. برای دیدن شما نیاز به جاوا اسکریپت دارید "> این آدرس ایمیل توسط spambots حفاظت می شود. برای دیدن شما نیاز به جاوا اسکریپت دارید , این آدرس ایمیل توسط spambots حفاظت می شود. برای دیدن شما نیاز به جاوا اسکریپت دارید "> این آدرس ایمیل توسط spambots حفاظت می شود. برای دیدن شما نیاز به جاوا اسکریپت دارید	Accredited to NABL/ISO-17025, recognized by APEDA
2.	Insecticide Residue Testing Laboratory Krishibhavan, Shivajinagar, Pune – 411 005 Phone: 020-25534348, 25281186 Fax: 020-25537695, 26131064 Phone/fax: 020-25510300 Cell: 094224 95497 E-mail: این آدرس ایمیل توسط spambots حفاظت می شود. برای دیدن شما نیاز به جاوا اسکریپت دارید "> این آدرس ایمیل توسط spambots حفاظت می شود. برای دیدن شما نیاز به جاوا اسکریپت دارید              این آدرس ایمیل توسط spambots حفاظت می شود. برای دیدن شما نیاز به جاوا اسکریپت دارید "> این آدرس ایمیل توسط spambots حفاظت می شود. برای دیدن شما نیاز به جاوا اسکریپت دارید              این آدرس ایمیل توسط spambots حفاظت می شود. برای دیدن شما نیاز به جاوا اسکریپت دارید	Government laboratory recognised by APEDA
3.	Reliable Analytical Laboratory A-1, 5 Acres, Kothari Compound Tiku - ji - ni Wadi Road Manpada, Thane (W) – 400 607 Phone: 022-25899490, 25899491 Fax: 022-25899492 E-mail: این آدرس ایمیل توسط spambots حفاظت می شود. برای دیدن شما نیاز به جاوا اسکریپت دارید "> این آدرس ایمیل توسط spambots حفاظت می شود. برای دیدن شما نیاز به جاوا اسکریپت دارید              این آدرس ایمیل توسط spambots حفاظت می شود. برای دیدن شما نیاز به جاوا اسکریپت دارید "> این آدرس ایمیل توسط spambots حفاظت می شود. برای دیدن شما نیاز به جاوا اسکریپت دارید , این آدرس ایمیل توسط spambots حفاظت می شود. برای دیدن شما نیاز به جاوا اسکریپت دارید "> این آدرس ایمیل توسط spambots حفاظت می شود. برای دیدن شما نیاز به جاوا اسکریپت دارید	Accredited to NABL/ISO-17025, recognised by APEDA
4.	Vimta Labs Ltd. 142, IDA, Cherlapally, Hyderabad – 500 051 Phone: 040-2726 4141, 2726 4444 Fax: 040-27263657 E-mail: این آدرس ایمیل توسط spambots حفاظت می شود. برای دیدن شما نیاز به جاوا اسکریپت دارید "> این آدرس ایمیل توسط spambots حفاظت می شود. برای دیدن شما نیاز به جاوا اسکریپت دارید             این آدرس ایمیل توسط spambots حفاظت می شود. برای دیدن شما نیاز به جاوا اسکریپت دارید "> این آدرس ایمیل توسط spambots حفاظت می شود. برای دیدن شما نیاز به جاوا اسکریپت دارید	Accredited to NABL/ISO-17025, recognised by APEDA
5.	SGS India limited, 1/509 A, Old Mahabalipuram Road, Opp. Govt. High School, Thoraipakkam, Chennai – 600 085 Phone: 044 – 2496 2822/ 2496 3844 Fax: 044 – 2496 3075 E-mail: این آدرس ایمیل توسط spambots حفاظت می شود. برای دیدن شما نیاز به جاوا اسکریپت دارید "> این آدرس ایمیل توسط spambots حفاظت می شود. برای دیدن شما نیاز به جاوا اسکریپت دارید , این آدرس ایمیل توسط spambots حفاظت می شود. برای دیدن شما نیاز به جاوا اسکریپت دارید "> این آدرس ایمیل توسط spambots حفاظت می شود. برای دیدن شما نیاز به جاوا اسکریپت دارید	Accredited to NABL/ISO-17025, recognised by APEDA
6.	Shriram Institute for Industrial Research Plot 14 & 15 Sadarmangla Industrial Area, White Field Road, Bangalore – 560 048 Phone: 080-28410165, 28412842 Fax: 080-28410189 E-mail: این آدرس ایمیل توسط spambots حفاظت می شود. برای دیدن شما نیاز به جاوا اسکریپت دارید "> این آدرس ایمیل توسط spambots حفاظت می شود. برای دیدن شما نیاز به جاوا اسکریپت دارید              این آدرس ایمیل توسط spambots حفاظت می شود. برای دیدن شما نیاز به جاوا اسکریپت دارید این آدرس ایمیل توسط spambots حفاظت می شود. برای دیدن شما نیاز به جاوا اسکریپت دارید "> این آدرس ایمیل توسط spambots حفاظت می شود. برای دیدن شما نیاز به جاوا اسکریپت دارید	Accredited to NABL/ISO-17025, recognised by APEDA

National Referral Laboratory for Mangoes:

 

NRC Grapes has been designated as the NRL for Mangoes, the contact details are as under:

 

National Research Centre for Grapes

(Indian Council of Agricultural Research)

P.B. No. 3, Manjri Farm Post, Solapur Road,

Pune - 412 307, Maharashtra, India

Tel.: +91-20-2691-5573, 2691-5574, 2691-4245

Fax: +91-20-2691-4246

E-mail: این آدرس ایمیل توسط spambots حفاظت می شود. برای دیدن شما نیاز به جاوا اسکریپت دارید "> این آدرس ایمیل توسط spambots حفاظت می شود. برای دیدن شما نیاز به جاوا اسکریپت دارید

 

 

 

Table-2: Maximum Residue Limits for commonly used pesticides in mango fruits prescribed under Food Sanitation Law of Japan.

 

S. No	Pesticides and other Agricultural chemicals	MRLs (mg/kg) prescribed by Japan (FSA)a/
	Aldrin	0.05
	Atrazine	0.02
	Benalaxyl	0.05
	Benomyl	2.0
	BHC (ά, β, γ, isomers)	0.01
	Bitertanol	0.05
	Carbendazim	2.0
	Carbaryl	3.0
	Carbofuran	0.3
	Captafol	NS
	Captan	5.0
	Cartap hydrochloride	3.0
	Chlordane	0.02
	Chlorothalonil	0.5
	Chlorpyrifos	0.05
	Chlorpyrifos-Methyl	0.05
	Cypermethrin	0.03
	DDT	0.5
	Deltamethrin	0.5
	Diazinon	0.1
	Dichlorvos	0.1
	Dicofol	3.0
	Dieldrin	0.05
	Dimeton-S-Methyl	0.04
	Dimethoate	1.0
	Dinocap	NS
	Endosulfan	0.5
	Endrin	0.01
	Ethephon	2.0
	Ethion	0.3
	Fenitrothion	0.8
	Fenthion	5.0
	Fenvalerate	1.0
	Heptachlor	0.01
	Hexaconazole	0.5
	Imidacloprid	1.0
	Iprodione	10.0
	Lindane (γ BHC)	1.0
	Malathion	8.0
	Metalaxyl (isomer: Mefenoxam)	1.0
	Myclobutanil	1.0
	Oxydemeton-Methyl	0.02
	Parathion	0.05
	Parathion-Methyl	0.2
	Permethrin	5.0
	Phosalone	1.0
	Phosphamidon	0.2
	Propiconazole	0.05
	Quinalphos	0.02
	Thiophanate-Methyl	2.0
	Triazophos	0.02
	Triadimefon	0.05
	Tridemorph	0.05

^a/FSA:  Food Sanitation Act (Act No. 233 of 1947) of Japan and Regulations issued thereunder.

NS:    Not Specified under Food Sanitation Act of Japan.

Table-3: Recommended pest management practices and pre-harvest intervals for mangoes

 

 

S. No.	Pest	Recommended pest management practices	Pre-harvest intervals
1.	Mango hoppers (Amritodus atkinsoni, A. brevistylus, Idioscopus clypealis,I. nagpurensis  I. Niviosparsus & Amrasca splendens )	(i)   Avoid high density planting (ii)  Three sprayings of Carbaryl (50% WP) @ 1.5 g/l or Phosphamidon  @ 0.5 ml/l with first spray at bud burst stage,  second spray at flower initiation stage (panicle emerge stage) and third spray at fruit setting stage (marble stage)	Carbaryl: 10 days Phosphamidon: 15 days
2.	Mealybugs (Drosicha mangiferae, D.stebbingi & Rastrococcus iceryoides) & Scales (Aspidiotus destructor)	(i)Deep summer ploughing of orchard immediately after harvesting to expose eggs and pupae of mealy bugs (ii)Apply 25 cm wide, 400 guage polythene bands on the tree trunk 30 cm above ground level to prevent migration of freshly hatched first instar nymphs during month of November-December from soil to trees, one week before their emergence (iii)Application of Methyl-Parathion (2% dust) in soil around the tree trunk @ 250 g/tree (iv)Spray Neem Seed Kernel Extract (Azardictin) (4%) on tree trunk below the band to kill the crawlers congregated (v)  Spraying of orchard with Carbaryl (25% WP) @ 2.0 g/l when severe mealybug infestation noticed on the twigs. (vi) Biological control through the field release of Cryptolaemus monthrouzieri (Australian lady-bird beetle). The waiting period for release of beetles is 21 days from the date of spray of insecticides such as Dimethoate, Oxydemeton-methyl; and 7 days for Carbaryl, Diazinon and Methyl Parathion..	Carbaryl: 10 day
3.	Fruit flies (Bactrocera dorsalis species complex & Bactrocera cucurbitae)	(i)Pheromone trapping (methyl euginol for Bactrocera dorsalis species complex and Cue lure for melon fly). Replenishing the traps with new wicks every fortnight intervals during fruiting season (ii)Bait sprays of Carbaryl (25 % WP) @ 2 g/l + Protein hydrolysate @ 1.0 g/l or molasses @ 1.0 g/l starting at pre-oviposition stage (first week of April repeated once after 21 days	Carbaryl; 10 days
4.	Stone weevil ((Sternochetus mangiferae)	(i)   Collection of fallen infested fruits from orchard and destroying them by incineration. (ii)   Spraying of Fenthion (50% EC) @ 2 ml/l during fruiting stage (marble stage)	Fenthion: 15 days
5.	Shoot borer (Chluretia transversa)	(i)   2-3 spraying with Carbaryl (25% WP) @ 2 g/l or Quinalphos (25% EC) @ 0.5 ml /l at fortnightly intervals from the start of emerging of new flush (tender leaves) depending on severity of infestation	Carbaryl: 10 days Quinalphos: 10 days
6.	Leaf Webbers ((Orthaga exvinacea O.euadrusalis & O. mangiferae)	(i)    3 spraying with Carbaryl (25% WP) @ 2 g/l or Quinalphos (25% EC) @ 0.5 ml /l or at fortnightly intervals  starting from the last week of July (at the end of fruiting season)	Carbaryl: 10 days Quinalphos:10 days
7.	Shoot-gall psylla (Apsylla cistellata)	(i)   Alternate spraying of  Quinalphos (25% EC) @ 0.5 ml/l or Dimethoate (25% EC) @ 0.6 ml/l starting from vegetative bud burst stage at 15 days intervals	Quinalphos: 10 days Dimethoate: 15 days
	Leaf gall (Procontarinia matteiana)	(i)   Alternate spraying of Quinalphos (25% EC) @ 0.5 ml/l or Dimethoate (25% EC) @ 0.6 ml/l starting from vegetative bud burst stage at 15 days intervals	Quinalphos: 10 days Dimethoate: 15 days
8.	Stem borer (Batocera rubomaculata)/Bark eating caterpillar (Inderbela quadrinotata)	(i)Spot application by inserting cotton wool soaked in Dichlorvos (76% EC) @ 1.3 ml/l solution and sealing the hole with mud in case of stem borer (ii)  Removal of webs from the tree trunks and spraying of  tree trunks with Dichlorvos (76% EC) @ 0.5 ml/l	Dichlorvos: 30days
9.	Blossom midge (Erosomyia indica)	(i)   Spraying Fenitrothion (50% EC) @ 0.5 ml/l or Dimethoate (30% EC) @ 0.5 ml/l at the flower initiation stage	Fenitrothion: 15 days Dimethoate: 15 days
10.	Fruit borer (Deanolis albizonalis)	(i)Collection of fallen infested fruits and destroying the same by burning (ii)  Two sprayings of synthetic pyrethroids viz., Cypermethrin or Permethrin (25% EC) @ 1m/l at 15 day intervals during fruiting stage, when the fruits are at marble size.	Cypermethrin: 15 days Permethrin: 15 days
11.	Thrips (Caliothrips indicus, Scirtothrips dorsalis & Rhipiphorothrips cruentus)	(i)   Spraying with Dimethoate (30% EC) @ 2 ml/l at new flush  (tender leaves) stage	Dimethoate: 15 days
12.	Powdery mildew (Oidium mangiferae)	(i)    Spraying of wettable sulphur (80% WP) @ 2 g/l or  Myclobutanil 400 WP) @ 1g/l or Tridemorph @ 1 g/l or Dinocap 48% EC @ 1 ml/l or Triadimefon, 125 EC @ 1 ml/l or Hexaconazole  @ 1 g/l  at 15 days intervals starting at vegetative bud burst stage.	Myclobutanil: 21 days Tridemorph: 21 days Dinocap: 21 days Triadimefon:21 days Hexaconazole: 21 days
13.	Anthracnose (Glomerella cingulata (Syn. Colletotrichum gloeosporoides)	(i)Collection of rotting fruits at the harvest stage from orchard and disposal by burning. (ii)Spraying of Carbendazim 50% WP) @ 1g/l or Thiophanate-Methyl @ 1 g/l or@ 1 g/l or Prochloraz @ 1g/l at 15 days intervals starting at flowering stage to control blossom infection	Carbendazim: 50 days Thiophanate-Methyl: 50 days Benomyl : 50 days
14.	Stem-end rot (Botryodiplodia theobromae)	(i)Collection of rotting fruits at the harvest stage from orchard and disposal by burning. (ii)  Spraying of Carbendazim 50% WP @ 1g/l or Thiophanate-Methyl @ 1 g/l or Benomyl @ 1 g/l or Prochloraz @ 1g/l at 15 days intervals starting at flowering stage to control blossom infection.	Carbendazim: 50 days Thiophanate-methyl: 50days Benomyl: 50 days
15.	Dieback (Colletotrichum gloeosporoides, Botryodiplodia theobromae & Phomopsis sp)	(i)Pruning of dieback twigs and disposal by burning (ii)  Spraying of copper oxychloride (50% WP) @ 4 g/l or Iprodione 250 EC) @ 2ml/l after pruning	Copper oxychloride: 42 days Iprodione: 50 days
16	Mango malformation (Aceria mangiferae & Fusarium moniliforme)	(i)Removal of malformed vegetative and flower shoots and panicles (flowers) (ii)Spraying of Benomyl or Dinocap @ 1 g/l at the vegetative bud burst stage and at flower initiation stage..	Benomyl: 50 days Dinocap: 21 days
17.	Bacterial canker (Xanthomoas campestris pv. Mangiferae)	(i)Pruning out of severely infected branches and destroying them by burning (ii)  Three alternative spraying of Copper Oxychloride (50% WP) @ 3g/l or Streptomycin 100 @ 0.1 g/l at the on set of rains at 10 or 15 days intervals depending on the severity of infection	Copper oxychloride: 42 days Streptomycin: 42 days